Ancient Egypt Culture

Egyptian Language Literature Medicine Egyptian Mathematics Economy Daily Life Other Links

Egyptian Language Writing Discovering of Writing in Egypt Origins Relationship to other languages Evolution Where does one start reading? Papyrus Different Types of Writing Hieroglyphy - Hieroglyphs are pictures that were used to write the ancient Egyptian language. In the beginning hieroglyphic signs were used to keep records of the king's possessions. Scribes could easily make these records by drawing a picture of a cow or a boat followed by a number. But as the language became more complex more pictures were needed. Eventually the language consisted of more then 750 individual signs. The Hieroglyphic Alphabet Ideograms Hieroglyphs representing single consonants Hieroglyphs representing two consonants Hieroglyphs representing three consonants Phonetic complements Combining phonograms & ideograms Hieroglyphs Determinatives Hieroglyphics and its Decipherment Ptolemaic writing Writing and Magic Nouns Adjectives Combining Nouns Learning Egyptian Hieroglyphs Hieratic script - This was the cursive form of writing, as script is to printed letters. It was much quicker to write since the picture quality of the language was reduced to a pattern of lines and squiggles Alphabetic Signs Common Determinatives Common Bi- and Tri-Consonant Signs Ligatures Examples of Hieratic Documents Demotic script - This was a shorthand version of the Hieratic script which was used during the Late Period. Demotic means "the people's writing." It got this name because many people could read it. Coptic alphabet History of the Coptic Language Value of the Coptic Language The Coptic Alphabet Calligraphy in Ancient Egypt The Scribe The Royal Tiulary The Rosetta Stone The Story of the Rosetta Stone, "Finding a Lost Language" English translation of the Rosetta Stone Writing in Egypt under Greek & Roman Rule

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Literature Definition of Literature Producing, Circulating, Reading Literary Compositions of the Middle Kingdom & Second Intermediate Period Teaching of Ptahhotep The Teaching of a Man for his Son The Loyalist Teaching The Teaching of King Amenemhat I Prophecy of Neferty Tale of Sanehat The Hymn to the Nile flood Literary Compositions of the New Kingdom & Third Intermediate Period Love Poems

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Medicine Medicine In Old Egypt The Healers & Their Art The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus The Ebers Medical Papyrus Medicine & Surgery Egyptian Herbal Medicine Menstruation, Menstrual Hygiene & Woman's Health The Extermination of Vermin Skull Fractures

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Egyptian Mathematics Egyptian mathematics Papyri Numerals Mathematical Fragments from Lahun Egyptian Fractions Measuring Weight Measuring Length Measuring Area Measuring Volume

Economy Egyptian Economy Properties Wages Labour Relations Dues and Duties The Egyptian Economy and Non-royal Women:Their Status in Public Life Trades Domestic Trade Overseas Trade Sources for trade between ancient Egypt and other lands Asiatic traders in Egypt Egyptian merchants in the Old Kingdom Transportation Means of Transportation Donkeys and Mules Horses Camels Cattle Ships & Boats Seagoing Vessels River Shipping Solar Ships & Funerary Boats Early Ship Construction

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Daily Life The Social Classes The Rise of Social Classes in Predynastic Egypt Old Kingdom Society Slavery Man & Wife Women in Egypt Marriage, Standing of Women The Status of Women in Ancient Egyptian Society The Cashless Society and Women's Place in it Women in Greek & Roman Egypt Literacy Royal Women Women Who Reigned As Pharaohs Women, Religion & Piety Law in Ancient Egypt Law and Order Diodorus Siculus on the Egyptian Judicial System Education Childbirth and Children Carefree Childhood Eygptians Names Male Names Female Names Cartouches and The Five Great Names of Pharaoh Egyptian Sports History of Sports in Ancient Egypt Egyptian Games Children's games Dogs & Jackals The Game of Senet Theatre Egyptian Garments Dress, Adornment & Body Care Flax, Linen & Weaving Garment Making Images of Egyptian Fashion Royalty Nobility Priesthood Soldiers Worker Egyptian Food Bread, the Staff of Life Meat & Fish Fruit & Vegetables Slaughtering Cattle Drinks Wine Fishing & Hunting Egyptian Party Egyptian Science Domesticated Animals

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Other Links Egyptian Women in Ptolemaic & Roman Egypt - The Economic and Legal Activities of Women in Demotic Texts Jean Francois Champollion - Father of Egyptology Hieroglyphs.net Demotic Dictionary Project Duke Papyrus Archive - Electronic access to texts and images of 1,373 papri from Ancient Egypt Advanced Papyrological Information System Hieroglyphic Dictionary Your Name in Hieroglyphs Free Hieroglyph Fonts